Stuff to Review from Class Lectures (I may add to this)

Semiotics (and a grammar thereof), (Saussure)
Prescriptive vs. descriptive rules (Saussure)
Structural components of language
Multifunctionality (multiple forms for one function, and vice versa)
Power & Solidarity Axis (also Dominance/Affiliation, Distance/Intimacy) (Tannen, Lakoff, etc)
Three power/politeness relationships:
Lakoff: Distance, Deference and Camaraderie
Polite Fictions about “unmarked face relations”
Face, The Double Bind, (Bateson)
Positive and Negative Face Needs (Goffman)
Positive and Negative Politeness, Involvement strategies, Independence strategies (Brown & Levinson)
FTA, FTA Management Strategies, On (including bald) and Off Record FTA mitigation strategies
Repair strategies
Conversational Style, pragmatic homonymy and synonymy (Tannen)
Grice’s Cooperative Principle, Grice’s Maxims
Lakoff’s Rules of Politeness

Rules of Alternation and Co-Occurrence (Ervin-Tripp)

Communicative Competence: (Canale & Swaine)
1. Grammatical Competence
2. Discourse Competence
3. Sociolinguistic Competence
4. Strategic Competence
Pragmatic Expectancy Grammar (John Oller 1979)
How language and culture are mutually constitutive

The role and value of chunks and formulaicity (Bolinger)
Metalanguage, Metadiscourse, Contextualization cues (Gumperz, Bateson)
Turn Taking cues: gaze, falling intonation, audible intake, leaning in, anacrusis, creaky voice, syntactic completion
Pause Inspection (Sacks)
Rhythm (Erickson), batoning (Birdwhistle)
Keigo in Japanese
Back channels (Garfinkel) also called attention signals (Kendon?)
Breaching experiments (Garfinkel)
Turn Sharks
Adjacency Pairs, First and Second pair parts


Tu/Vous Distinctions (ie, pronouns of power and solidarity)
Terms of Address and Reference, (Brown & Ford)
Frame, Footing, Schema, Script